Aims: To identify predictors of delirium or dementia-related hospitalisation risk within 365 days of residential aged care facility (RACF) entry and develop a risk prediction model for new residents.
Methods: Using the Registry of Senior Australians (ROSA) Historical National Cohort, non-indigenous individuals living with dementia aged ≥65 years old who entered 2,655 RACFs between 01/01/2009-31/12/2018 in four Australian states were included (N=207,343). Delirium or dementia-related hospitalisation was ascertained from hospitalisation or emergency department (ED) presentation records within 365 days of RACF entry. Individual, medication, facility, system and health care-related factors were examined as predictors. An elastic net penalised regression and Fine-Gray model was used. Model discrimination was examined using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC).
Results: Within 365 days of RACF entry, 5.2% (N=10,709) of individuals living with dementia had a delirium or dementia-related hospitalisations. The strongest predictors of delirium or dementia related hospitalisations were: history of ED presentation (≥5 vs none, sub-distribution hazard ratio (sHR)=1.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-1.84), history of physical violence (sHR=1.64, 95%CI 1.30-2.06), being male (sHR=1.57, 95%CI 1.49-1.65), history of delirium (sHR=1.48, 95%CI 1.38-1.60), use of Monoamine Oxidase B inhibitor (sHR=1.43, 95%CI 1.07-1.90), and use of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor medications (sHR=1.34, 95%CI 1.15-1.55). The model AUC (testing cohort) was 0.66, 95%CI 0.650-0.68.
Conclusions: Routinely collected aged care and health care data following RACF entry can moderately inform risk profiling for delirium or dementia-related hospitalisations in individuals with dementia. Our prediction model could support targeted interventions to reduce such hospitalisations in RACFs.