Aims: The Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care concluded that whole-body vibration (WBV) prevents falls in older people living in the community (moderate-certainty evidence).1 This analysis synthesizes the evidence for WBV in older people in any setting.
Methods: Randomised controlled trials of WBV for preventing falls in people ≥65 years were identified from systematic reviews of older people living in the community1, care facilities2, or both3. Study characteristics, risk-of-bias and outcomes were extracted in duplicate from the reviews and/or original publications. Falls rate ratios (RaR) or risk ratios (RR) were pooled with generic inverse variance meta-analysis.
Results: Six trials of WBV were included; two examined WBV in addition to active exercise, four compared WBV to usual care. Trials in the community excluded participants with bone metabolism diseases, two enrolled women only, and participants used WBV 2-5 times weekly for 5-20 minutes for 8 weeks (1 trial, n=48) or 18 months (2 trials, n=861). WBV reduced the rate and risk of falls (RaR=0.60, 95%CI 0.46–0.78, I2=19%, 3 studies; RR=0.63, 95%CI 0.47–0.84, I2=1%, 2 studies). In care facilities, WBV was conducted 2-3 times weekly for 1.25–6 minutes for 6 weeks (n=159), 6 months (n=62) or 12 months (n=171) and increased falls (RaR=1.48, 95%CI 1.16–1.90, I2=0%, 2 studies; RR=1.30, 95%CI 0.98–1.72, I2=0%, 3 studies).
Conclusions: WBV is not recommended for older people living in care facilities. For community-dwelling older people, WBV should be implemented with caution, following an individually tailored assessment with guidance from a health professional.